Obesity, migraine, and chronic migraine: possible mechanisms of interaction.
title:Obesity, migraine, and chronic migraine: possible mechanisms of interaction.source:Neurology. 2007 May 22;68(21):1851-61
author:Bigal ME, Lipton RB, Holland PR, Goadsby PJ
Migraine and obesity are associated in several ways.
偏头痛和肥胖在多个方面存在联系。
First, both are prevalent and disabling disorders influenced by genetic and environmental risk factors.
首先，发病和功能紊乱都和遗传和环境因素有关。
Second, migraine with aura, as obesity, seems to be a risk factor for cardiovascular events.
其次，有先兆偏头痛和肥胖都是心血管事件的危险因素。
Finally, large population-based studies suggest that obesity is a risk factor for chronic migraine after adjusting for comorbidities.
最后，大样本人群调查显示，经校正后共病者，肥胖是慢性偏头痛的危险因素。
In this article, we discuss plausible mechanisms that may account for this association.
文中对这种联系的可能机制进行了讨论。
Several of the inflammatory mediators that are increased in obese individuals are important in migraine pathophysiology, including
interleukins and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).
肥胖个体中部分炎性介质在偏头痛病理生理中其起重要作用，包括白介素和降钙素基因相关肽。
These mediators may increase the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine attacks per se, which in turn would cause central
sensitization.
这些炎性介质增加了偏头痛发作的频率、严重程度和持续时间，也可能导致中枢致敏。
Repeated central sensitization may be associated with permanent neuronal damage close to the periaqueductal gray area, with
poor modulation to pain.
反复中枢致敏可能和中脑导水管周围灰质持续损害有关，出现疼痛机制紊乱。
Obesity is also a state of sympathetic activation, which may contribute to increase in headache frequency.
肥胖是一种交感兴奋状态，这种状态可能导致头痛发作频繁。
Furthermore, the levels of adiponectin are decreased in obesity.
而且，肥胖患者脂联素 (adiponectin)水平下降。
At low but not normal levels, adiponectin is nociceptive.
非正常的低脂联素 水平是有害的。
Shared biologic predisposition may also play a major role.
生物遗传易感性也起了重要作用。
Orexins modulate both pain and metabolism.
食欲素（orexins）调节疼痛和脂代谢。
Dysfunction in the orexins pathways seems to be a risk factor for both conditions.
食欲素路径的功能紊乱可能是这两个情况的危险因素。
Finally, conditions that are comorbid to both states (e.g., depression, sleep apnea) may also make the relationship between both
diseases more complex.
最后，共病状态可能导致这两种疾病的关系更加复杂。
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