改善医疗护理人员腰背部疾患的功能锻炼
Back Muscle Response to Sudden Trunk Loading Can Be Modified by Training Among Healthcare Workers通过训练来改善医疗护理人员的背部肌肉对突然躯干负荷的反应
Study Design. Experimental study of the effect of physical training on the reaction to sudden back loading.
研究设计： 物理锻炼对于背部对突然躯干载荷反应的改善的试验研究
Objective. To investigate the effect and sustainability of “on the job training” on the reaction to sudden back loading among employees at a geriatric ward.
目的：为了调查研究在老年病房的护工其背部肌肉在职业训练时对于突发性负荷的反应的耐力和效果。
Summary of Background Data. Available data suggest that a delayed muscle reflex response to sudden trunk loading may increase the risk of low back injuries. We have previously shown that training may alter the response to sudden trunk loading in healthy subjects and decrease the time elapsed until stopping of the forward movement of the trunk (stopping time). Data on the possibilities of a training-induced improvement in the reflex response among workers exposed to sudden trunk loading on the job are, however, nonexistent, and there is no evidence of long-term benefits , i.e., the sustainability of a positive training effect.
研究背景：现有数据表明，背部肌肉对于突发性躯干负荷迟缓的反应会增加下背部的损伤。我们以前的研究表明，健康人可以通过训练来改善背部肌肉对于突然负荷的反应并且减少躯干向前运动的时间（停止时间）。然而，数据表明经训练诱导后，工人在遭受突然躯干负荷增加时其反射反应并没有提高；并且，没有证据显示其训练会使工人长期受益，比如，其可以忍受训练的强度。
Methods. The study included 23 participants and 14 controls. All were healthy without prior history of low back pain (LBP). The training group participated in a total of 18 training sessions during a 9-week period. The training focused on reactions to a variety of sudden trunk loadings. Before and after the training intervention and at a 1-year follow-up, all subjects were tested for their reaction to expected and unexpected sudden trunk loading by applying a horizontal force of 58 N to the upper back of the subjects and measuring the electromyographic (EMG) response from the erector spinae muscles.
方法：本研究包括23名参与者和14名作为对照组。所有入组者均为健康人并无下腰痛（low back pain，LBP）病史。训练组进行为期9周18次的训练。训练重点放在各种各样的突发性躯干受到突然受力的反应上。在训练之前和训练结束后的间期以及其后的1年随访中，所有的受试者均在意识注意状态下和无意识状态下进行突发性躯干负荷试验测试，测试采用58N水平的力量针对受试者上背部，并测量脊柱竖脊肌的肌电图。
Results. In the training group, the stopping time and the distance moved after unexpected sudden trunk loading decreased significantly (13%–19%, P＝0.02). The improved stopping time was associated with marked changes in the time-wise distribution of the EMG signal after training. In addition, the follow-up study showed a high sustainability of the training effect.
结果：在训练组，当受到意外的躯干负荷时，其竖脊肌的反应停止时间和移动距离减少具有显著的意义(13%–19%, P＝0.02)。训练后，提高的反应停止时间在肌电图的时域上面有显著意义。另外，接下来的随访表明训练后均有较高的忍受能力。Conclusions. The results demonstrated a training-induced improvement of the response to sudden trunk loading that may be beneficial in workers, such as nurses, who are exposed to sudden trunk perturbations during patient handling.
结论：结果表明，诱导性训练可以提高训练者对于突发躯干负荷反应能力这将对于一些功能有益，比如护士，他们在处理患者的时候受到这种突发性负荷的机会较多。
[[i] 本帖最后由 daike_ren 于 2008-7-1 12:48 编辑 [/i]] 看一下是什么东西.
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