双语新闻：美中并非注定为敌
China Not 'Inevitable Enemy' Of U.S., CIA Director SaysChina is likely to be a political and economic competitor by the middle of the century but should not be treated as an 'inevitable enemy' of the U.S., CIA Director Michael Hayden said Wednesday.
He warned, however, that China would likely be viewed as an adversary if Beijing uses its growing global influence in support of its own narrow interests at the cost of peace and economic stability. Gen. Hayden's comments came in a text prepared for the Landon Lecture at Kansas State University in Manhattan, Kan.
'If Beijing begins to accept greater responsibility for the health of the international system -- as all global powers should -- we will remain on a constructive, even if competitive, path. If not, the rise of China begins to look more adversarial,' he said.
China's military buildup, which is intended both to counter U.S. military capabilities and to intimidate an independence-minded Taiwan, is as much about projecting an image of strength and 'great power status' as it is to gain a tactical or strategic military advantage, he said.
'After two centuries of perceived Western hegemony, China is determined to flex its muscle,' Gen. Hayden said.
He also predicted continued tension between the U.S. and Europe, an old alliance now strained by different views about terrorism.
'It is not yet clear when or if the United States and Europe will come to share the same views of 21st-century threats -- as we did for the last half of the 20th century -- and then forge a common approach to security,' Gen. Hayden said.
The U.S. considers itself a nation at war, in pursuit of terrorists wherever they are, he said. 'In much of Europe, terrorism is seen differently: primarily as an internal, law enforcement problem, and solutions are focused more narrowly on securing the homeland,' Gen. Hayden said.
Sharp population growth over the coming decades, particularly in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, will strain resources, increase immigration and could result in an increase in violent extremism and civil unrest, he said.
The populations of Afghanistan, Liberia, Niger, and the Democratic Republic of Congo are expected to triple in 40 years, and those of Ethiopia, Nigeria, and Yemen will more than double, he said.
Demographic changes, a rising China, and the evolving trans-Atlantic alliance will shape American security and foreign policy through the middle of this century, Gen. Hayden said. He called on Americans to learn the languages and cultures needed to meet the new challenges, in the same way the U.S. developed its Soviet expertise during the Cold War.
'Large parts of the world -- including those that will hold more sway in the future -- do not share all of our ideas,' Gen. Hayden said. 'While we cherish and live our own values, we must know and appreciate those of others.'
美国中央情报局(CIA)局长麦克尔.海登(Michael Hayden)周三表示，中国到本世纪中叶可能成为美国在政治和经济方面的对手，但不应当被视为美国无可避免的敌人。
不过他也警告说，如果中国政府以牺牲和平与经济稳定为代价，利用其日渐增长的国际影响力来支撑自身的狭小利益，那么中国很可能会被美国视为对手。海登是在堪□斯州立大学(Kansas State University)发表演讲时说这番话的。
海登说，如果中国政府如所有大国所应该做的那样，为国际体系的健康承担更多责任，美国将维持建设性的对华关系，即使美中两国之间存在竞争。如若不然，中国的崛起就会显得更具敌对色彩。
他说，中国为对抗美国的军事力量和震慑有独立念头的台湾而扩充军备，此举既是为了展示强大形象和“大国地位”，也是为了赢得战略战术方面的军事优势。
海登说：“在长达两个世纪的西方霸权之后，中国决心要展示自己的力量。”
他还预测，美国与传统盟友欧洲之间因对恐怖主义持不同观点而形成的紧张关系会持续下去。
海登说，美国和欧洲何时或是否能就21世纪面临的威胁形成共识，然后共同找到一条确保安全之道，这还是个未知数，虽然它们20世纪下半叶在面临威胁时做到了这一点。
他说，美国认为自己正在作战，不管恐怖分子藏身何地都要予以追击，而欧洲大多数国家对恐怖主义的看法则与此不同：他们主要将其视为一个内部的法律实施问题，解决方法也更多局限在确保国内安全方面。
他说，未来几十年，以亚洲、非洲和中东为主的剧烈人口增长会让资源变得紧张，致使移民增加，并会导致暴力极端主义事件和国内**越来越多。
他说，阿富汗、利比亚、尼日尔和刚果（金）等国的人口预计将在40年内增长两倍，而埃塞俄比亚、尼日利亚和也门等国的人口将增长一倍多。
海登说，从现在起直到本世纪中叶，人口变化、中国的崛起以及大西洋两岸同盟关系的演变等因素将共同塑造美国的安全和对外政策。他呼吁美国人学习应对新挑战所需的语言和文化，就像冷战时期美国培养苏联问题专家时所做的那样。
海登说：“世界很多国家──包括未来会产生更大影响的那些国家──与我们的观点并非完全一致。在我们珍惜并实践自身价值观的同时，我们也必须了解和尊重其他人的价值观。”
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