极有可能是前列腺癌,但绝对不应该做开放手术切前列腺
先做经直肠活检
证实前列腺癌不愿手术去势,可给予LHRH类似物药物去势,但开始应合并使用抗雄激素受体药物以免'激素爆发',内分泌治疗也有缓解排尿症状的作用
对于排尿症状,阿发受体拮抗剂可能有效,也可考虑TURP
基本同意 zxf9120的意见
前列腺癌可能大,可经直肠超声引导下活检。gleason分级有力判断预后。
如为前列腺癌,这腹膜后转移提示已属晚期,无根治性治疗指针。所辛前列腺癌发展缓慢,姑息治疗常常奏效。
国外已基本不做去势手术。一则药物去势能获得良好疗效,二则单纯切除睾丸由于肾上腺的代偿分泌作用,会降低疗效。标准治疗如zxf9120所述采用LHRH,第一个月和用抗雄激素受体药物避免前列腺反应性增大。
一般来说,对于激素治疗失败的,补救治疗目前国外使用较多的是estramustine为主的化疗,而目前最热门的当是应用泰素。单用或和estramustine和用,效果不错。
目前在进行的临床实验是对于初次出现转移并有症状的患者进行激素治疗合并泰素化疗。我没有看文献,不过II期临床的结果应该是不错的。III期临床的结果可能还没有出来。
目前没有根治性放疗的指针。金粒种植的治疗指针是前列腺癌早期,预后良好。(Gleason小于7,PSA小于10,无前列腺包膜侵犯,无影像学或临床(常规髂内淋巴结清扫)淋巴结阴性)。还有一点很重要,前列腺体积适中(大于30小于50毫升)。对于这位老先生是没有指针的。
姑息性放疗需根据患者的症状和一般情况。对于有骨转移,如果没有疼痛或者由病理性骨折的危险,可以暂不放疗。多处骨转移的,既可以用骨磷一类的药物,也可以同位素放疗。
总之对于前列腺癌的治疗,要多考虑患者的生活质量还有一个很重要的参数他的的期望寿命。
Docetaxel (taxotere) in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Beer TM, El-Geneidi M, Eilers KM.
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland 97329, USA.
beert@ohsu.edu
Docetaxel (Taxotere) is a taxoid derived from the needles of the European yew tree, Taxus baccata. With an overall prostate-specific antigen response rate of 42% in four Phase II studies, docetaxel has important single-agent activity in androgen-independent prostate cancer. Phase II studies suggest that the addition of estramustine (Emcyt) to docetaxel results in higher response rates but also increased toxicity. Docetaxel with and without estramustine is being evaluated in Phase III studies that will provide definitive information about its role in androgen-independent prostate cancer. Novel combinations of docetaxel with biologic response modifiers are in early stages of development. Similarly, a number of investigators are conducting exploratory trials that incorporate docetaxel into multimodality approaches to high-risk localized prostate cancer treatment.
Publication Types:
* Review
* Review, Tutorial
PMID: 12820771 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]