颈部肿块的2个定律
最近看到一本外科解剖学上关于颈部肿块的2个定律，觉得很有意思，粘在下面与各位分享一下：
Rule of 80
The Rule of 80 for Neck Masses is as follows. 80 percent of:
nonthyroid masses are neoplastic
neoplastic masses are in males
neoplastic masses are malignant
malignant masses are metastatic
metastatic masses are from primary sites above the clavicle
Rule of 7
The Rule of 7 provides a probable diagnosis of the neck mass based on the average duration of the patient's symptoms.
7 days: inflammation
7 months: neoplasm
7 years: congenital defect
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) may have changed these numbers, since most patients will have several other groups of lymph nodes involved, such as axillary nodes and inguinal nodes. The Rule of 80 and Rule of 7 were based on hospitalized patients with cervical lymphadenopathy. In spite of the impossibility of such a statistical analysis being duplicated today (most patients with cervical lymphadenopathy are treated as outpatients), the authors think that both rules remain useful and worth remembering.
