Beavers in Massachusetts, Natural History, Benefits, and Ways to Resolve Conflic Conflic, Resolve, Benefits, History, Beavers

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Beavers in Massachusetts, Natural History, Benefits, and Ways to Resolve Conflicts Between People and Beavers

by:?Scott Jackson, Thomas Decker, Nancy Haver (Illustrator)
en?|?University of Massachusetts, United States Department of Agriculture, Massachusetts Division of Fish

R20090520S?   


  
Beavers in Massachusetts, Natural History, Benefits, and Ways to Resolve Conflicts Between People and Beavers
By: Scott Jackson, Thomas Decker, Nancy Haver (Illustrator)
University of Massachusetts, United States Department of Agriculture, Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife
11/15/2001  
Beavers have played an active role in New England’s ecology for thousands of years. As natural “engineers of the landscape they were agents of change, creating wetlands out of uplands and streams, and providing habitat for a variety of plants and animals. For native peoples, beavers were a source of meat, skins and medicine. As Europeans colonized New England, beaver pelts served as a form of currency, creating an incentive for settlers to move further west and changing the relationship between Native Americans and Europeans, and Native Americans and beavers.  
Intensive hunting and trapping, and deforestation that followed European colonization eliminated beavers throughout much of North America, including southern New England. They were re-established in Berkshire County in the 1930s and, thanks (in part) to an active restoration campaign, have since reclaimed most of their former range in Massachusetts. When the beavers returned, an important component of our native ecosystems was restored. However, beavers returned to a landscape that had been substantially altered by people. In some areas, beaver activity conflicted with human needs. Property damage, Giardia, and the flooding of roads, buildings and septic systems continue to be sources of concern for many communities. Finding ways to co-exist with beavers that allow us to benefit from their role in the environment yet minimize conflict between beavers and people can be a challenge for many communities. This booklet provides information on the natural history and population dynamics of beavers, their beneficial aspects and potential problems, techniques for avoiding or resolving conflicts between people and beavers, and management programs for beavers in Massachusetts.  
Contents
Beavers in Massachusetts, Natural History, Benefits, and Ways to Resolve Conflicts Between People and Beavers
Introduction
Natural History
???? Description
???? Distribution
???? Food
???? Life Cycle
???? Dam and Lodge Building
Beneficial Aspects of Beavers
???? Creation of Wetlands
???? Creation of Wildlife Habitat
???? Economic Value
???? Aesthetic, Recreational and Educational Values
Conflicts Between Beavers and People
???? Damage to Ornamental Tress and Shrubs
???? Houses, Roads, and Powerlines
???? Flooding
???? Effects on Cold Water Fisheries
???? Concerns About Water Quality
Avoiding and Resolving Conflicts
???? Tolerance
???? Exclosures
???? Water Flow Devices
???? Repellents and Harassment
???? Removal
Permits
???? Destruction of Dams or Use of Flow Devices
???? Destruction of Beavers
???? Beaver Population Growth
Beaver Management
???? Beaver Populations
???? Population Growth Within a Watershe
???? Management in Massachusetts
Additional Reading
Where to Go For Help
R20090520S                   http://rapidshare.com/files/236652540/R20090520S.rar